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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Numbers
Managed Care: A term that originally referred to the prepaid healthcare sector, where care is provided under a fixed budget. The term is increasingly used to include preferred provider organizations and other forms of insurance coverage
 Manufacturer: Any company that produces, prepares, propagates, compounds, converts or processes prescription or other healthcare products, either directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of natural origin, or independently by chemical synthesis or by a combination of the two. Also, any company that packages, repackages, labels, relabels or distributes prescription or other healthcare products, or the entity that possesses the NDC number of the drug. This term does not include distributors or retail pharmacies
MAT: Moving annual total
MCO: Managed care organization
Media Conversion Services: Fax-to-EDI or Web-based solutions to electronically capture information from non-EDI-capable trading partners
MIS: Management information services
MSA: Medical savings account
MSDS: Material safety data Sheet
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NABP: National Association of Boards of Pharmacy
NACDS: National Association of Chain Drug Stores
NAPM: National Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
NAW: National Association of Wholesaler-Distributors
NCHS: National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.)
NCPA: National Community Pharmacists Association
NCPDP: National Council for Prescription Drug Programs
NCPIE: National Council of Patient Information and Education
NCPO: National Conference of Pharmaceutical Organizations
NCSL: National Council of State Legislatures
NCSPAE: National Council of State Pharmacy Association Executives
NDA: New drug application
NDC: National Drug Code
NIH: National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
NME: New molecular entity
NMHCC: National Managed Health Care Congress
Non-Stock Sales: Products sold by a distributor, but not put into inventory, sold mainly to chain drug warehouses
NPC: National Pharmaceutical Council
NPhA: National Pharmaceutical Association
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OBRA: Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
Order Fill Rate: The percent of both total sales invoice lines and total sales dollars ordered that are shipped without error or backorder
OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OTC: Over-the-counter
Out-of-Code (Date): Product that has “expired” based on the date code printed on the package or case.
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PAEB: Pan American EDIFACT Board
PBM: Pharmacy benefit management
PCMA: Pharmaceutical Care Management Association
PDMA: Prescription Drug Marketing Act
P/E Ratio: Price/earnings ration
PhRMA: Pharmaceutical Researchers and Manufacturers of America
PHS: Public Health Service
Pilot Program: A test or trail of a new process or technology, usually conducted on a limited basis
PMPM: Per member per month
PMPY: Per member per year
Policy: A written document that states a company’s position and practice with trading partner.
POS: Point of sale
POS plan: Point of service plan – option offered by a health plan that allows the patient to choose a service from any provider, with different benefit levels for non-participating providers
PPI: Producer price index
PPO: Preferred Provider Organization – managed healthcare group that contracts with select healthcare professions to provide medical care
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QA: Quality assurance
Q/M: Quarterly/monthly
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RA: Return authorization – Authorization to return a product to a supplier, generally in written or electronic format
R&D: Research and development
Radiographic Products: Drugs used for diagnostic tests, such as dyes, barium and drugs for nuclear diagnostics
Reclamation centers: Centralized processing facilities for returns in the grocery industry
Regional Center: A type of distribution center that typically distributes products to other facilities, not customers
Regular Delivery: The typical delivery schedule distributors provide to all customers
Reimbursement: Generally refers to the manufacturer’s payment to a distributor for an invoice for returns. Distributors may also reimburse retailers for returns
Repackaging: Removing product from the original package and dividing it into smaller quantity packages
Returned Goods: Products that are removed from the primary distribution channel and retuned to the manufacturer. Prescription drugs and other controlled distribution products can be retuned to the manufacturer for proper disposition. Healthcare products are retuned for several reasons, including mistakes in ordering, damaged product, expired or short-dated product.
Returns: Products unsaleable at the retail level (damaged, outdated, overstocked, etc.) returned to a manufacturer or distributor for credit
Returns Policy: Guides discussion and practices with trading partners on the handling and disposition of returned goods and reimbursement practices
Reverse Distribution: The process of bringing products or packaging from the retail level through the distributor back to the supplier or manufacturer
RFID: Radio frequency identification
RIA: Returns Industry Association
RONW: Return on net worth
RpH: Registered pharmacist
Rx: Prescription
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Saleable: Product that
SIC: Standard Industrial Classification
SKU: Stock Keeping Unit
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Target market: The Target Market is a geographical region based upon geographical boundaries sanctioned by the United Nations. There is one international system to describe geographical regions, the ISO 3166-code system. In the context of data synchronization, the target market is the geographic location where the trade item is intended to be sold (Source: GS1 US)
Taxonomy: A set of elements or categories, and logical relationships among the categories, ordered hierarchically (Source: GS1 US)
Terms: The conditions of payment that a vendor offers to its customers. Also the cash discount percent and the time period in which the invoice must be paid
Therapeutic substitution: A practice in which a pharmacist dispenses a drug believed to be therapeutically equivalent to the drug prescribed by a physician, with or without obtaining the physician’s permission
Third-party liability: Under Medicaid, any entity that is, or may be liable for, paying the medical costs for an injury, disease or disability of a Medicaid recipient
Tote: A container used to hold products for delivery and/or used by pickers in the distributor warehouse
Trade item: Any item (product or service) upon which there is a need to retrieve pre-defined information and that may be priced, ordered, or invoiced at any point in any supply chain (Source: GS1 US)
Transaction set: A specific structure of electronic data segments, data elements, and codes that communicate information between systems. This structure replaces documents and other forms of business communications, such as purchase orders, invoices, and warehouse shipping orders. Each transaction set consists of the transaction set header and at least one data segment before the transaction set trailer (Source: GS1 US)
Transponder: A radio transmitter-receiver that is activated by a predetermined signal.
RFID tags are sometimes referred to as transponders (Source: GS1 US)
Truncation: Printing a symbol shorter than the symbology specification’s minimum height recommendations. Truncation can make the symbol difficult for an operator to scan (Source: GS1 US)
Turnover order: An order given to the distributor by anyone other than the distributor’s sales representative
Turns: The average number of times per year a company’s inventory is sold
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